Analysis: How to apply IoT and cloud computing to promote the development of agricultural aviation plant protection

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] From 2016 to 2017, the plant protection drone has added auxiliary operation mode (AB point), terrain tracking, binocular obstacle avoidance, full autonomous operation mode, RTK high-precision positioning technology and other functions, the future Where are the key technical points for the development of plant protection drones? Plant protection manufacturers have erected the banner of smart agriculture, how can the collection of farmland big data be collected? How to solve the urgent problem of drone supervision?

Recently, Yifei Zhikong CEO Qi Juntong shared the status quo and trends of aviation plant protection development, and analyzed how to apply the Internet of Things and cloud computing to promote the development of agricultural aviation plant protection. He believes that the development trend of aviation plant protection will be unmanned, environmental protection, safety control, statistics and quantification and mobile payment.

Agricultural aviation plant protection development trend

Really unmanned, there is no labor cost

When the agricultural plant protection machine was just born, it was "a good man three gangs". One drone machine required three ground staff, one flying hand, one observer, and one ground. This shows that there are problems in agricultural plant protection, one is the problem of labor cost, and the other is the problem of professional technical training.

Some experts analyzed the cost of agricultural plant protection operations, between 6-15 yuan, generally generally recognized the cost of depreciation of plant protection machines is about 6 yuan, the remaining 2-9 yuan is mainly in labor costs. From the perspective of economic development, the cost of plant protection machine as a commodity will show a trend of rapid decline, but the labor cost must continue to rise; from the perspective of vocational skills training, the training of flying hands will give agriculture Aviation plant protection brings invisible costs and limits the development of agricultural aviation plant protection.

Therefore, from the trend, the labor cost of agricultural aviation plant protection will definitely decline, and the industry of flying training will surely decline. Then the labor cost of agricultural aviation plant protection is lowered, and the answer is to rely on technological development.

When the aviation plant protection was born, it required 3 human cost. With the auxiliary operation mode, the labor cost dropped to 2. In the full autonomous operation mode, the labor cost dropped to one, and there was one station and multiple independent cooperative operation modes. One person can control more than two aircraft, and the labor cost is 0.3 to 0.5. In the future, with the automatic power-on and dosing technology, no manpower will be needed.

Reduce the cost of 3 human power to 0.5, and solve it with the Internet of Things and cloud computing. When the labor cost is reduced to half, it will undergo a qualitative change. This quality change is automatic dosing and automatic energy replacement. Need to add automatic dosing equipment to the Internet of Things and cloud computing system.

Safety control, passive response is worse than active hug

The safety issue has always been a problem that must be faced by the drone industry. It is impossible for a plant protection machine to be a low-altitude aircraft. In the face of the country's increasingly intensive policy regulatory actions and guidance, plant protection machines may avoid strict regulation in the future, but it is impossible to escape supervision. Instead of responding passively, it is better to take the initiative to embrace.

The safety of plant protection machines may go through several stages:

Passive monitoring: let the supervisory department know where the plant protection machine is, and who it is; actively confirm that the plant protection can actively determine that it is in an illegal airspace; alarm notification: found that it can actively alert in the illegal airspace, notify the flying hand and The owner took the initiative to dispose of it; mandatory measures: found that the plant protection machine is in the illegal airspace, and the contact with the owner of the flying hand can invalidate the compulsory measures such as hovering, emergency landing, emergency return, etc. through the background; active avoidance: high realm, able to fly through the electronic fence Automatically avoid entering illegal airspace during the process.

From the perspective of development trends, it is a good solution to solve these security supervision problems through physical control and cloud computing technologies through flight control. The problem of post-modulation module modification and cloud background development increases the hardware cost and R&D cost of the manufacturer. Qi Juntong believes that it is a good solution for the flight control manufacturers to do the pre-installation, which can liberate the plant protection machine manufacturers and let the plant protection machine manufacturers concentrate on considering business problems.

Just yesterday (November 20th), the first professional drone base in North China, which was built by United Airlines and Tanggu Airport, was established. This also provided conditions for drone supervision from “blocking” to “sparing”. . Through the “Bai Si Zhi Yun” platform, it can provide related technical support and services for the UAV positioning management, flight route setting guidance and post-flight data analysis in the airspace of the test flight process. And with the military, civil aviation control departments, local public security bureaus and other information communication mechanisms and event handling mechanisms to achieve real-time information exchange.

Data statistics and quantification should be done by flight control manufacturers

Data statistics and quantification must be the product of a certain stage of agricultural plant protection machine application, whether it is the farmer, plant protection team, flying hand, machine manufacturers or flight control manufacturers will have data and statistical needs.

From a data point of view, all data sources come from sensors. The data of the sensors can be summarized and refined into four dimensions: statistical data: plant protection data, land data, flying hands data, plant protection team data.

Who is going to do this thing is more appropriate, how to do it is more appropriate? Qi Juntong believes that the flight control manufacturers to provide these data is appropriate, the flight control manufacturers have natural data sources, basically different population data and statistical needs, can pass the flight control sensor Data acquisition, even if not directly available, can be obtained indirectly through the data architecture. Appropriate is the Internet of Things and cloud computing technology, sending all sensor data to the cloud, so that you can view the required data statistics anywhere according to the authority, complex data statistics can also be easily achieved by means of cloud computing.

Qi Juntong believes that this is more direct and convenient than the process of storing data on the flight control, and it is also more direct than by means of mobile phone ground station transfer. Although there may be many kinds of sensors on a plant protection machine, a lot of data is summarized into four dimensions to be combined with the time axis. These four dimensions correspond to the four resources in the brain, cloud, Earth, people and team.

Development status of agricultural aviation plant protection

Capital investment is growing and gathering: In March, Chang Feng won the 6.5 million Pre-A round of financing led by the nickname capital. In April, the agricultural production and supply service provider farmer butler received the 50 million A round of financing led by Gobi Ventures. On April 26, Shuangjie Technology, which provided a complete set of agricultural plant protection services, received 10 million rounds of A round of financing from Zhengqin Capital. On October 9th, the main focus of the UAV in the agricultural field of the honeycomb industry completed a round of financing of 62 million yuan.

National and local policy support and guidance are growing: On September 18, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and the Civil Aviation Administration jointly issued a notice to decide on 2017 in Zhejiang (including Ningbo), Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Chongqing, etc. Six provinces and municipalities started the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies to guide the implementation of the plant protection unmanned aircraft standard application pilot, explore the path and method of plant protection unmanned aircraft purchase subsidy, and the supporting operator training assessment, operational flight safety operation management mechanism to promote plant protection unmanned aircraft health development of. This means that the plant protection drones that the industry expects for many years have been included in the national agricultural machinery subsidies, and finally made breakthrough progress.

The area of ​​operations has reached record highs: According to the data, in 2014, the number of plant protection UAVs was 695, and the operating area was 4.26 million mu. In 2015, it rapidly developed to 2,324 and 11,528,000 mu, respectively, with an increase of 234% and 170 respectively. %. 2016 is undoubtedly a lively year for plant protection drones in China, with an operating area of ​​40 million mu, double the number in 2015. By June 2016, the number of agricultural drones had reached 4,890.

In addition, the development of plant protection drones is also characterized by rapid spread, plant protection machine manufacturers are constantly diverging, safety issues are being paid attention to, and operational statistics have become the focus of information of the agricultural sector government departments.

Qi Juntong said that Yifei is currently developing an integrated ground core RTK terminal, DNGS-GH, which will launch the Chihiro location service application in 2018. In the future, it will accelerate the test and research and development of one-stop multi-machine collaborative operation, introduce weather data and plant protection operations, realize the legalization of electronic fence guarantee operations, continue to enrich operational statistics and data mining, and develop Alipay plant protection settlement function through WeChat. The small program helps end users get more business and explore the payment mode of APP advertising business.