In recent years, the "Key Technology for the Industrialization of Biodegradable Plastics" has been officially recognized as a core project under the National Science and Technology Support Plan during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. The government has allocated 30 million yuan to support research institutions in focusing on the development of this innovative technology. According to the Ministry of Science and Technology, the project is expected to secure 5 to 8 international patents within three years, along with 12 to 16 Chinese invention patents.
Biodegradable plastics are made from biomass-based resins using advanced biotechnology. These materials represent a new generation of environmentally friendly raw materials that can completely decompose into carbon dioxide and water. By replacing traditional petroleum-based plastics, they help reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Experts argue that the importance of biodegradable plastics should surpass that of biofuels or biodiesel, given their broader environmental benefits and potential applications.
According to reports, the national key technology development project for the industrialization of biodegradable plastics will focus on several major goals. These include achieving the industrial production of 10,000 tons of carbon dioxide-based plastics, 10,000 tons of polylactic acid (PLA), and 1,000 tons of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). It also aims to industrialize and apply 10,000 tons of konjac glucomannan, develop biodegradable plastics for food packaging, evaluate their safety and performance, and conduct research on medical applications.
The overall objective of the project is to research and develop key technologies for the continuous industrial production of three types of biodegradable plastics—carbon dioxide-based plastics, polylactic acid, and polyhydroxyalkanoates—which have different temperature resistance properties. The goal is to establish demonstration production lines and create complete process packages. Through improvements in thermal and mechanical properties, the project will develop specialized preparation techniques for biodegradable plastic materials, overcome key processing challenges in medical and food packaging products, and conduct systematic research on the safety and life cycle of these materials. This will help build an evaluation system, promote the establishment of national standards, and accelerate the large-scale application of biodegradable plastic products.
Experts suggest that the main strategies for reducing costs involve two key areas: lowering the cost of biomass raw materials and reducing expenses through advances in biochemical technology. These will be the primary focuses of future scientific research and development efforts.
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