Effect of Light on the Growth of Soybean
The chemical quality and yield of soybean are mainly determined by its genetic basis, but also affected by various ecological factors, such as temperature, light, precipitation, fertilizer supply, etc., during the reproductive period, especially reproductive growth period, and the chemical quality of soybean. The yield has great influence, and the adjustment of sowing date can also cause changes in the chemical quality of soybean. The formation of the geographical distribution of soybean quality traits is also related to the changes of these factors. Among them, light is the dominant factor, and the light intensity has great influence on the fat and protein of different quality types of soybean.
Soybean is a typical short-day crop, so the photoperiodic response is one of the important factors that determine the adaptability of soybean varieties. Unsuitable photothermal conditions will lead to incoordination of vegetative and reproductive growth in soybean, which in turn will affect soybean grain yield. The level of soybean protein and fat, in addition to being controlled by the intrinsic genetic gene of the species, is also affected by ecological factors. Illumination time affects the photosynthesis of soybeans and indirectly affects the quality of soybeans. Illumination can be measured by a photon quantum ray recorder. The results of correlation analysis show that the chemical quality of soybean is closely related to the length of time from the initial flowering stage to the early stage of grain granules, and from the early stage of granule to the physiological stage. Under a longer light duration, soybeans prolonged after each stage of flowering, and the proportion of fat and linoleic acid increased, while the proportion of protein and palmitic acid decreased. However, there are few reports on the effect of light time on the chemical quality of soybean. The results of this study show that for short-day crop soybeans, the shorter the sunshine duration is, the shorter the sunshine duration is, the better the quality of the soybean will be. On the contrary, it may seriously affect the yield. Studies have shown that the solar radiation intensity intercepted by soybean canopy is an important determinant of the yield and yield components. Shading has the tendency to reduce the grain quality. During flowering, lower light intensity can significantly reduce grain yield. In this experiment, the yields of the two varieties of soybean were sensitive to the illumination time, and shortening the light time significantly reduced the yield; however, the chemical quality reaction was not severe, and shortening the illumination time by appropriate shading increased the fat content. With the change of the light time, the variation of soybean protein and fat content was also different between the two varieties, but the protein and fat contents of the two varieties of soybeans grew longer. In addition, temperature and humidity also play a role in the growth of soybeans. Changes in these parameters can be measured by a temperature and humidity self-recording device or a self-reporting thermometer and hygrometer, and then based on the most appropriate time for the growth of soybeans at each stage. Adjust the temperature and humidity in the air to provide an environment more suitable for the growth of soybeans.
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