The future development of robot sensing and sensor technology

Sensor technology, together with computer technology and communication technology, is called the three pillars of information technology. From the point of view of bionics, if the computer is viewed as a "brain" that processes and recognizes information and a communication system as a "nervous system" that transmits information, then the sensor is a "sensory organ." Sensing technology is a multidisciplinary modern science and engineering technology that acquires information from natural sources and processes (transforms) and identifies them. It involves sensors (also known as transducers), information processing, and identification. Planning, design, development, system/build, test, application and evaluation improvement activities.

Get information on all kinds of sensors, they have a variety of physical, chemical or biomass sensors. According to the theorem of convexity of information theory, the function and quality of the sensor determine the amount of information and information quality that the sensor system acquires natural information. It is the first key to the construction of a high quality sensor technology system. Information processing includes signal preprocessing, post processing, feature extraction and selection. The main task of identification is to identify and classify the processed information. It identifies, compares, categorizes, and judges input feature information sets using the relationship model between the identified (or diagnosed) objects and feature information. Therefore, sensing technology follows information theory and system theory. It contains a large number of high-tech, widely used by many industries. It is also a basic condition for the development of modern science and technology and should be given sufficient attention.

In order to increase the productivity (or reduce operating time) and product quality of manufacturing companies, and reduce product costs, the basic requirements of sensor technology in the industry are that they can be reliably applied to the site and perform specified functions.

Current situation and development trends at home and abroad

1. Status Quo

Whether domestic or foreign, compared with computer technology and digital control technology, the development of sensor technology lags behind them. Since the 1980s, it has only begun to pay attention to and invest in the research and development of sensor technology or has been listed as a key research project. Many advanced achievements still remain at the research and experimental stage, and the conversion rate is relatively low.

Since the 1960s, China’s research and development of sensing technology has made great progress in sensor research and development, design, manufacturing, and reliability improvement through the national research from the “6th Five-Year Plan” to the “Ninth Five-Year Plan”. Sensors research, development, production and application systems, and achieved a number of promising invention patents and condition monitoring systems or instruments in the research and development of numerical control machine Tools. However, on the whole, it still cannot adapt to the rapid development of China's economy and science and technology. Many sensors, signal processing and identification systems in China still rely on imports. At the same time, the market competitiveness advantages of China's sensing technology products have not yet been formed, the product improvement and innovation are slow, and there are few innovations and improvements in production and application systems.

robot technology

The research of robots was anthropomorphic from the beginning, so the development and production of manipulators and robotic arms was performed, and it was also for the purpose of replacing the human beings with machinery to perform work or exploration that could not be accomplished by manpower. However, in the past decade or so, the development of robots has not only become more and more optimized, but also covered many fields. The scope of application is very broad. In large terms, it is used in space development, lunar rover, deep-sea detectors, offshore oil exploration, spacecraft manipulators, etc., as well as miniature surgical machines, life monitoring devices, etc. The military uses are even more rapid. From bomb disposal devices, clearance of mines to unmanned aircraft and combat vehicles, some even predict that the future war may be like a war with a robot. As for industrial, agricultural, genetic and biological industries, medicine, cultural industries, telecommunications, and energy

The development of the industry will occur due to the massive debut of robots. Researchers at the British Telecommunications Institute of the Future have been known for accurately predicting the emergence of SMS, spam and online search engines. Among the 50-year predictions of the recently announced Technology Outlook, several of them are about robots.

There is no doubt that future robots will develop in three directions:

First, it is more closely linked with the life of human society, thinking that people will make more services as an essential factor.

Twenty years later, the work of cleaning up at home, cleaning up, or nursing care for the elderly may be replaced by robots. Hospitals in San Francisco, USA, have begun to use robots to deliver medicines and dispense medicines to patients. In an interview with the media, the president of the U.S. Ai Robotics Company stated that the company’s home cleaning robot products had only 1.2 million U.S. dollars in sales in 2002 and had soared by more than 10 times in 2004. Also, full automation at home, automatic cars that do not require driving, etc., cannot count or make estimates.

Second, biomimetic, biological trends

Fun animals and animals are used to make animals such as robots, cats and fish. For example, the golden fish "Goldfish Tiger" developed by Ryomei Engineering, a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan, is 1 meter long and weighs 25 kilograms. It is a giant fish that can swim in water automatically and can help monitor the security and collection of bridges. In the case of fishing rods, monitoring of river water pollution and so on. The Aibo robot dog developed by Sony Corp. has an emotional response to the owner's voice and has been able to imitate emotions such as emotions, emotions and fears. In the future, a robot dog that can replace a real guide dog can appear. In addition, the dinosaur robot of the movie "Jurassic Park" is also an example. This kind of bionic robot is also widely used in military reconnaissance and rescue, intelligence transmission, and even killing the enemy in intangible means. The U.S. University of Hawaii has a research center for underwater robots that has a considerable scale. In early August of this year, the Russian mini-submarine was tied up by the fishing nets on the seabed and trapped in the deep sea below 190 meters. It was helped by the help of Britain’s “Tianyu” rescue boat, which was a robot on the sea floor.

Third, the most important development is humanization

The International Exposition held in Aichi, Japan, from March to September this year, is known as the exhibition of robot collections. Some people even called it the "International Exhibition of Robots". From this we can also see Japan's industrial advantages and Achievements. In the exhibition hall, the reception office, the cleaning work of the assembly, the garrison work, etc. are mostly presented and replaced in the form of robots. During the expo, a number of robot-related activities were held. Among them, the most eye-catching is the performance of artificial intelligence and humanized robots. For example, a female robot at the reception can listen to and speak six languages, and speak when the eyes Both mouth and mouth move, and facial muscles also have activities. Osaka University’s College of Engineering has achieved outstanding results in the development of artificial intelligence robots. Prof. Ishiguro made “Actroid Repliee” and the appearance of “TV station newscaster” was alive. His hands, heads, and upper body were all free and realistic. Vividly. There is also a unique and interesting golf robot “Candy-5”. It has built-in 3D terrain and club membership information for the entire golf course, and is equipped with a global satellite positioning system that can rotate 360 ​​degrees and its system will More sophisticated and more humane, scientists predict that by 2020 when it will complete its entire production, it can serve as a caddy and can give advice from the side. In addition, there are robots with “vision” and “taste buds” whose infrared measurement can immediately determine the composition and content of foods and drinks. For example, placing an apple in front of its arm can print out the apple’s Sugar, vitamin content, etc. The most striking is the performance of robotic bands, robots playing real musical instruments, and the formation is constantly changing, and the playing techniques are superior. The University of Tokyo announced in August this year that it has developed artificial skin that feels as hot and cold as humans, pain, and temperature response. Even the functions that some people do not have can be set. This is true for the life of a fake robot. It is a big improvement. All these things are different.

At the turn of the century, biological genetic engineering has caused controversy over ethical, legal, and ethical issues due to the appearance of “clones.” It is still unknown whether “clones” can come out. However, the R&D of robots is replacing them to reach humanization. To pursue the goal. Therefore, there are new terms such as artificial intelligence (AI), and the following two English names are used to refer to humanoid robots: androids and humanoids. When film directors in the West talk about very humanoid robots appearing in movies and television, these specialized words with a clear tendency are more often used:

A. Become humane — humaNIze (v.)

B. Humanized - humanized(adj.)

C. Humanity and kindness - humanity(n.)

China’s robot R&D work is basically a project of scientific research. It is said that the Chinese Academy of Sciences has now created a robot whose lips can move, eyes can rotate, and has visual functions when speaking. Its level is comparable to that of its Japanese counterparts, but this robot is quite large in shape. However, it failed to walk on both feet. In Japan, whether or not a robot can walk on two feet has become a hot and skilled technical competition project, such as the “two-foot robot contest” (grading). In fact, the production of robots is definitely not just a mixture of hydraulic machinery and electronic products. To make robots more and more humane, we must combine the aspects of life medicine, sensing, optics, and creative cultural industries, such as robots. The joints need to study the meridian science of traditional Chinese medicine, biological nerve stimulation responses, and certain modeling features of cultural products (the most important of which are the appearance of national features). British scientists even predict that by 2020, as robots become more sophisticated and use organic parts, they will be protected by "robot power."

In the United States, Japan, Germany, France, and South Korea, the development of the robot industry is receiving increasing attention. Generally, the so-called "government-industry" form is adopted. "Government" is the government's policy formulation and tilted support to adjust the industrial structure. According to intelligence, the Japanese government is adjusting the industrial manufacturing structure in the country. The future industry in the central Nagoya area will be the new automobile industry. The Kansai area centered on Osaka will be dominated by the robot industry, and the Tokyo area will be centered on information and information, etc. Etc.; "production" is the self-categorization of research and development in the industry, and it is turned into a product to obtain economic benefits; "study" means that schools set up specialized courses (subjects), and the teaching materials are different from those in the past. Some professors wrote that some of them were written by the Industrial Research Institute and used computer technology to intervene, which in turn was sold to university teachers and students. The textbooks, teaching materials, assembly parts, and specialized magazines that are specially sold by robots have also become established. Many companies have changed their existing industries and switched to produce products for this service. So, whether this will lead to an industrial revolution? It is still too early to assert. However, it can be predicted that in the next 20 years, the robotics industry will become a leading trend in the future of new industries. In the modern high-tech war, robots will play an increasingly larger fighting role, thereby reducing the casualties of front-line soldiers, and Take odd skills to defeat the enemy.

Nowadays, the advanced industrialized countries in the world have paid great attention to the development of research and development, practicalization and commercialization (industrialization) of robotics, investing a lot of money and manpower, optimizing the environment and indicators, and especially focusing on cultivating young people. The future of scientific interest, to attract their input to form a talented team, forging a new industrial team. In addition to fabricating teaching materials and carrying out popular education publicity (such as organizing summer camps for elementary school students, experiential education, museum experiment courses, etc.), and combining the appearance of new Hollywood movies and cultural products, it is timely to manufacture toy robots in popular packaging. And the right language brings new trends, creating a trendy, trendy atmosphere and environment.

Holding various competitions has become a new driving force for robot R&D. The robot's international competition is currently the most international of the "Robot World Cup Championship", held once a year and held throughout the world. This is planned in the form of a football World Cup match. This is a large-scale competition that combines hi-tech, entertaining and competitive, attracting a large number of young audiences. The 2004 competition was held in Lisbon, Portugal. There were 346 teams in 37 countries and about 1,600 players (basically young people) participated. In mid-July of this year, this World Cup championship moved to Osaka, Japan. There are representatives of 30 countries (actual appearance of 330 teams), and about 2,000 players compete in the event. After the meeting, an academic seminar was held to promote the full disclosure of theoretical and technical information for everyone to share relevant information. Universities such as the China University of Science and Technology and Zhejiang University have won some successes in this competition and have achieved remarkable results. However, the teams that won the most awards are representatives from Japan and European and American countries. The competition next year will be held in Germany (Berlin). To date, more than 4,000 researchers from 40 countries around the world have participated in this activity. On August 27th this year, the "ABU Robot Contest" sponsored by the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting and Television Alliance was held in the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. The China Radio and Television Administration and China Central Television Station were the hosts. The Asia-Pacific region's undergraduate robotics team will compete here.

The competitions at different levels, subjects and categories are most prosperous throughout Japan. The "ROBO-ONE" competition is relatively large, and South Korea also has a competition of the same name. Japan’s ROBO-ONE has been held seven times. Korean creator Jeon Young-Su took the TAEKWON-V to participate in the competition in Tokyo and won the championship this year. At ordinary times, Japanese university students also have teams to go to the United States to conduct friendship events and other activities, and to learn skills and exchange information and situations. The most noteworthy is Japan's "Juvenile Robot Contest." The competition is divided into two levels, one for primary school students - the second grade for junior high school; the other for junior high school students - high school students. This competition has competitions and trials in districts, cities, and counties, and finally selected the best representative team to compete in the national competition. From the scene of the game, the scene is very lively, and the live broadcast of TV stations around the country has also contributed to the upsurge. In addition, there are "Robot Creation International Competition", "All Japan Robot Sumo Competition", "National High School Robot Competition" and so on. In addition, there are age-grade and special competitions, and there are clear regulations on the age of the participants and the height, volume, configuration and power supply of the robots. In addition to the "ROBO-ONE" competition in South Korea, there is also a "robot match". The most famous robot competition is the "Battle Robot" competition which weighs 30 kg. There is an upsurge of robotics among teenagers in Korea. We should also pay attention to this. At the same time, the South Korean government and companies are investing a lot of money to develop the robot industry and gradually commercialize it. Hong Kong has been hosting a middle school student robot competition since 2004. Although the standard is very low, it is a good start. The team that participated in Beijing in August this year is the Hong Kong University team. In the eight universities in Hong Kong, it seems that Japan and South Korea have not yet seen the enthusiastic and larger-scale robotic competitions of different categories, and they are not comparable to the standards of some universities in the Mainland. Taiwan held a robotics competition for primary school students and middle school students in mid-August this year. The starting point is not high, but it is quite popular.

However, overall, the research and development of robotics in our country is still lagging behind. There may be two misunderstandings in our country’s understanding of robots. One is to consider the development of robots as a purely a solution to labor shortages in Western countries. To develop, and China is a world-populous country with a low labor force, it is not necessary to develop such products; the other regards robots as children's toys but fails to notice a new interface, that is, the combination of the two leads to a A new kind of future industry. With Chinese people’s intelligence and intelligence, and a large population, if it is possible to promote and develop this industry at the experimental stage nationwide (especially primary and secondary school students) as soon as possible, one will cultivate the scientific creation and the interest of invention for young people; It will lay a solid and broad foundation for this industry and emerge a group of talented people; the three can adjust the industrial structure.

We can do something for China's science and technology to catch up with the advanced world level and develop a technology-based economy and open up new markets for intellectual property. On the other hand, if this industry does not attach importance to it and takes it lightly, and does not seek development and investment, we will not only fail to reach the level of advanced countries in the future high-tech development, but will also accompany people to run because of the late start, or Always eat the oysters that others have eaten, trapped in backward circumstances and unable to extricate themselves. This is our worry, but it is not enough, but “the stone of other hills can be used to attack jade”. We can see that foreign teenagers are so keen on this scientific activity and that robots have appeared in foreign industries. With practical products, how can this not cause us to feel worried? It is not until late in the day that we realize that we are disparity with foreign countries in this industry and take advantage of our country’s increasingly powerful national power to carry out the “Official Production and Research” investment and research and development as soon as possible. Today’s China Young people will rise in this industry in the next 20 years and will fight for a place in this world.

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