With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the demand for automotive electronic products in the domestic market has also grown rapidly. Under such circumstances, there are many factors that restrict the development of automotive electronic products. This article describes the prospects and composition of automotive electronic products. Influencing factors; focusing on technology research and development, device supply system, production management, and understanding of the input of electronic products, the specific analysis of the factors that restrict the development of China's automotive electronics products.
A market prospect of automotive electronics products
As the level of automotive electronics continues to increase, the market for automotive electronics has also grown and maintained rapid growth. The market demand for electronic components for passenger cars in the United States was 2.6 billion U.S. dollars in 1988, about doubling in 1993, reaching 5.4 billion U.S. dollars, and reaching 14 billion U.S. dollars in 2000. The average annual growth rate is 15 to 16%. Globally, the market size in 2002 was approximately $26.9 billion. By 2007, the market size is expected to reach $35.4 billion. The Asian, Central and Eastern European markets will see the fastest growth. In North America and Europe, electronic components account for 10 to 15% of the total vehicle price. It is estimated that by 2010, the price of automotive electronic equipment will account for 25 to 30% of the entire vehicle price
To date, the world’s largest automotive electronics market is the powertrain electronics system. From 2002 to 2007, the power transmission electronic system will grow steadily. Body and chassis control electronic systems will maintain a growth rate of 11.7%, and their market size is expected to increase from $2.7 billion to $4.7 billion. Safe and comfortable electronic systems will experience rapid growth.
II. The composition of automotive electronics and the status quo of China's automotive electronics development
Automotive electronics is mainly composed of five parts: (see Figure 1)
1 Power Control System: Including engine management control system, power steering, AT control and ACC.
2 safety control system: including airbags, ABS/ASR and SAFE-BY-WIRE.
3 body control system: including switch control, lighting control, anti-theft system, door lock control, window control, wipers and other body electronics control.
4 driving control system: including instrumentation, air conditioning and chassis control system.
5 information systems: including entertainment, mobile communications, GPS navigation and information processing systems.
The status quo of domestic automotive electronics companies is late start, small scale, low level, and difficult to support. Due to the late start of automotive electronics companies in China, low technology maturity of the products, and unstable quality, they are not used by automobile companies. Even if their products meet the technical requirements, they need to be rigorously tested and proved by foreign manufacturers. The long waiting time has caused the domestic automotive electronics companies to miss a golden opportunity. The entry barriers to the high thresholds make it difficult for them to obtain opportunities for matching with the vehicle companies. It is difficult to accumulate experience and improve the technical level through the application of the products in the automobile. The products can only be sold through the aftermarket, but cannot be OEM suppliers. Expand the scale of the product. On the other hand, the imperfections of the development system and the lack of core technologies can not meet the requirements of the simultaneous development of the vehicle companies and the competitiveness of the products.
Three factors that restrict the development of China's automotive electronics products
1 There is a lack of products with independent intellectual property rights. At the same time, foreign auto parts companies have applied for a large number of patents in China to carry out “enclosures†in order to control the Chinese automotive electronics market.
Independent intellectual property rights are a major factor restricting the development of China's auto industry. For auto parts, the development of products with independent property rights is subject to many constraints, as most manufacturers do not have a car company. The conditions for simultaneous development can only be in the imitation phase. There is no real sense of development. Companies in foreign spare parts have already seen this. Every year, major auto companies in Germany, the United States and Japan apply for a large number of patents in China. In this area of ​​electronics, a large area of ​​“enclosure†movement has been implemented. Even if some domestic companies want to develop their own products or have already developed their own products, they have to face the need to deliberately avoid patents that have already been applied abroad. A manufacturer of rain sensors for detecting rain on cars, when their products had been released, discovered that a German company had applied for a patent for the product in China when applying for a patent, and applied for the protection of working principles. Such an optical The physics principle is applied for patent protection, this company is difficult to avoid, the product Chi can not enter the market.
2 The lack of suppliers satisfied with the quality control system in the automotive industry, the main components are subject to foreign.
The performance of a product is determined by the performance of one of the most unstable components that make up this product. It can also be said that what level of supplier is used will produce a product of a certain level. As far as automotive electronics products are concerned, this problem is even more pronounced. After a type of automotive electronics product was developed, there was no problem with small-batch loading tests. However, with just a few thousand batches of mass production, a lot of problems came into being. There are no shortages of factors such as process, but the instability of the performance of the components is the most common. At present, China lacks specialized electronic component manufacturers to provide automotive electronic products. There are two main sources of components used. Channels, first, the direct purchase of foreign agents such as devices: various chips and power management, etc.; another channel for the procurement of domestic electronic components manufacturers of products, such as: resistors, capacitors and transistors and other commonly used devices. Automobile products are different from other household appliances and application equipment. Automotive electronics products often involve a lot of dynamic parameters, and many factors affect their performance, such as: vibration, temperature, humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc., and production of automotive electronic products. Establish a supporting supply system that can cooperate and communicate with them for a long time, that is, to establish a supporting system for the automotive electronics industry. All device components must be differentiated from automotive electronic products and other electronic products, and at the same time, the production of automotive electronic products. Manufacturers should use the quality system of the relevant automotive industry to control their suppliers.
3 The production management system is not perfect and it is difficult to produce stable automotive electronic products.
Although China’s auto industry has experienced a rapid development, behind this rapid development has also exposed many drawbacks of China’s auto industry, why the performance of foreign big brands of vehicles is stable, from a technical point of view, they have a strong and powerful The R&D team, a stable production process control system, and a sound logistics system are what we lack. The production of automotive electronic products is inextricably linked with the production of complete vehicles. At present, the control of its production process is still in a period of reference and exploration. It is difficult for each manufacturer to establish a feasible system, and the auto manufacturers are busy with themselves and have no time for consideration. Without a set of feasible and rigorous process control systems, it is impossible to produce electronic products with stable quality. Without stable quality parts suppliers, it is impossible to produce cars with stable performance.
4 The traditional machinery-based parts and components companies lack awareness of emerging automotive electronics products and have not devoted enough energy to research and development.
The automobile, first and foremost, gives the impression that it belongs to a mechanical structure, and it is difficult to connect automobiles with electronics, computers, and wired and wireless network control with traditional concepts, but now with the innovation of automotive technology, electronics and networking Technology is rapidly developing in the automobile field. The automobile is not a single mechanical product. It has developed into an electromechanical product. In the future, it is not a single computer control but a computer network control based on the CAN bus structure. This is true for auto parts companies that rely on traditional mechanical parts and components. However, the automotive electronics market has been developing at a rapid pace. With the price reduction of auto parts, parts companies will feel pressure, especially Is the traditional mechanical parts industry, some are facing a period of replacement of a new product, under such circumstances is not allowed to have too much understanding to consider the time, now, automotive electronics production is a high input, high profit The industry needs to invest a lot of energy to really do it, not just To look to and call on the verbal, in fact, waiting to see the temptation, automotive electronics we need to spend more time to in-depth study.
Four summary
70% of automobile's innovative technologies are focused on automotive electronics. The development of China's automobile industry is bound to drive the rapid development of the entire industry. Existing foreign mature technologies should adopt attitudes of introduction, inheritance, learning and innovation, since they have not yet stood On the same platform, efforts should be made to catch up, because there is no reason to reject advanced technology and advanced management concepts. Only after fully mastering the new technologies of existing mature automotive electronic products and the related background of the emergence and development of such technologies, We can talk about independent innovation; we strongly advocate independent innovation, but independent innovation needs a strong foundation for development, analyzes various factors that hinder the development of automotive electronics, and overcome these unfavorable factors in a down-to-earth manner, creating an external environment that is truly suitable for the development of automotive electronics. This is the root of the problem. The rapid development of automotive electronics technology is an inevitable trend. We should not always be followers. We believe that through our hard work, China’s auto electronics industry will surely lead the way in the future.